Long time to revenue
Long time to revenue
Poor compatibility with existing systems
Poor compatibility with existing systems
Lack of process automation
Lack of process automation
Unknown tech readiness
Unknown tech readiness
Siloed R&D
Siloed R&D
Lack of licensing pathway
Lack of licensing pathway
Limited IP protection
Limited IP protection
Allergen risk
Allergen risk
Regulatory hurdles
Regulatory hurdles
Animal origin inputs
Animal origin inputs
Off-coloration
Off-coloration
Bad mouthfeel
Bad mouthfeel
Lack of marbling
Lack of marbling
Poor aroma profile
Poor aroma profile
Off flavor
Off flavor
Long culture times
Long culture times
Cell damage during harvest
Cell damage during harvest
Difficult scale-out (modularization)
Difficult scale-out (modularization)
Manual handling bottlenecks
Manual handling bottlenecks
Lack of process monitoring
Lack of process monitoring
High energy input
High energy input
Complex downstream processing
Complex downstream processing
Unscalable bioreactor design
Unscalable bioreactor design
Shrinkage during maturation
Shrinkage during maturation
Lack of vascularization
Lack of vascularization
No fat-muscled integration
No fat-muscled integration
Difficulty creating whole cuts
Difficulty creating whole cuts
Poor texture in final product
Poor texture in final product
Weak cell adhesion
Weak cell adhesion
Lack of scaffold edibility
Lack of scaffold edibility
Poor tissue structure
Poor tissue structure
Non-scalable purification
Non-scalable purification
Lack of food-grade inputs
Lack of food-grade inputs
Shear sensitivity
Shear sensitivity
Inefficient nutrient delivery
Inefficient nutrient delivery
Inconsistent batch quality
Inconsistent batch quality
Media wastage
Media wastage
Contamination risk
Contamination risk
Media instability
Media instability
High media cost
High media cost
Cell detachment issues
Cell detachment issues
Low tissue density
Low tissue density
Slow differentiation
Slow differentiation
High growth factor cost
High growth factor cost
Serum dependency
Serum dependency
Lack of species-specific lines
Lack of species-specific lines
Cell senescence
Cell senescence
Limited cell proliferation
Limited cell proliferation